#METABOLOMICS WORKBENCH zhongxin_20190428_005459 DATATRACK_ID:1715 STUDY_ID:ST001189 ANALYSIS_ID:AN001981 PROJECT_ID:PR000801 VERSION 1 CREATED_ON June 9, 2019, 6:34 pm #PROJECT PR:PROJECT_TITLE 1H NMR spectroscopy-based metabolic profiling of Ophiocordyceps sinensis and PR:PROJECT_TITLE Cordyceps militaris of water-boiled and 50% ethanol-soaked extracts PR:PROJECT_TYPE NMR PR:PROJECT_SUMMARY Introduction Ophiocordyceps sinensis, a well-known Chinese complementary herb, PR:PROJECT_SUMMARY is a rare and valuable therapeutic resource. Cordyceps militaris (C. militaris) PR:PROJECT_SUMMARY is a commonly used substitute for O. sinensis. A metabolomic-based approach for PR:PROJECT_SUMMARY exploring the similarities and differences in the metabolites of O. sinensis and PR:PROJECT_SUMMARY C. militaris in water-boiled and 50% ethanol-soaked extracts is of great PR:PROJECT_SUMMARY significance. Objectives To determine a vital role of extraction methodologies PR:PROJECT_SUMMARY in influencing the metabolic composition of herbs, 1HNMR-based profiling was PR:PROJECT_SUMMARY used to characterize the metabolic fingerprints of O. sinensis and C. militaris. PR:PROJECT_SUMMARY Methods To make a distinction between the global metabolite profiling of O. PR:PROJECT_SUMMARY sinensis and C. militaris extracts obtained from either the water-boiled or 50% PR:PROJECT_SUMMARY ethanol-soaked methods, we screened the herbs samples using 1HNMR-based PR:PROJECT_SUMMARY metabolic fingerprints combined with multivariate statistical analysis. Results PR:PROJECT_SUMMARY This study revealed that a total of 43 (82.69% of 52) metabolites were PR:PROJECT_SUMMARY detectable in both O. sinensis and C. militaris. According to the variable PR:PROJECT_SUMMARY importance in projection (VIP) value and p-value from the Mann-Whitney test, 7 PR:PROJECT_SUMMARY metabolites (alanine, aspartate, glutamate, mannitol, ornithine, serine, and PR:PROJECT_SUMMARY trehalose) differed between O. sinensis and C. militaris. Arginine, glucose, PR:PROJECT_SUMMARY putrescine, pyroglutamate, betaine, O-phosphocholine, and xylose differed PR:PROJECT_SUMMARY significantly between the water-boiled and 50% ethanol-soaked methods used to PR:PROJECT_SUMMARY prepare the herb extracts. Conclusion A total of 52 primary metabolites were PR:PROJECT_SUMMARY identified and quantified from O. sinensis and C. militaris samples. The study PR:PROJECT_SUMMARY suggests that a water-boiled extraction is much faster method and strongly PR:PROJECT_SUMMARY recommended over the 50% ethanol-soaked method for both O. sinensis and C. PR:PROJECT_SUMMARY militaris. PR:INSTITUTE Sun Yat-sen University PR:LAST_NAME ZHONG PR:FIRST_NAME Xin PR:ADDRESS Guangzhou PR:EMAIL zhongxin@mail.sysu.edu.cn PR:PHONE 862084112299 #STUDY ST:STUDY_TITLE 1H NMR spectroscopy-based metabolic profiling of Ophiocordyceps sinensis and ST:STUDY_TITLE Cordyceps militaris of water-boiled and 50% ethanol-soaked extracts ST:STUDY_TYPE NMR ST:STUDY_SUMMARY Introduction Ophiocordyceps sinensis, a well-known Chinese complementary herb, ST:STUDY_SUMMARY is a rare and valuable therapeutic resource. Cordyceps militaris (C. militaris) ST:STUDY_SUMMARY is a commonly used substitute for O. sinensis. A metabolomic-based approach for ST:STUDY_SUMMARY exploring the similarities and differences in the metabolites of O. sinensis and ST:STUDY_SUMMARY C. militaris in water-boiled and 50% ethanol-soaked extracts is of great ST:STUDY_SUMMARY significance. Objectives To determine a vital role of extraction methodologies ST:STUDY_SUMMARY in influencing the metabolic composition of herbs, 1HNMR-based profiling was ST:STUDY_SUMMARY used to characterize the metabolic fingerprints of O. sinensis and C. militaris. ST:STUDY_SUMMARY Methods To make a distinction between the global metabolite profiling of O. ST:STUDY_SUMMARY sinensis and C. militaris extracts obtained from either the water-boiled or 50% ST:STUDY_SUMMARY ethanol-soaked methods, we screened the herbs samples using 1HNMR-based ST:STUDY_SUMMARY metabolic fingerprints combined with multivariate statistical analysis. Results ST:STUDY_SUMMARY This study revealed that a total of 43 (82.69% of 52) metabolites were ST:STUDY_SUMMARY detectable in both O. sinensis and C. militaris. According to the variable ST:STUDY_SUMMARY importance in projection (VIP) value and p-value from the Mann-Whitney test, 7 ST:STUDY_SUMMARY metabolites (alanine, aspartate, glutamate, mannitol, ornithine, serine, and ST:STUDY_SUMMARY trehalose) differed between O. sinensis and C. militaris. Arginine, glucose, ST:STUDY_SUMMARY putrescine, pyroglutamate, betaine, O-phosphocholine, and xylose differed ST:STUDY_SUMMARY significantly between the water-boiled and 50% ethanol-soaked methods used to ST:STUDY_SUMMARY prepare the herb extracts. Conclusion A total of 52 primary metabolites were ST:STUDY_SUMMARY identified and quantified from O. sinensis and C. militaris samples. The study ST:STUDY_SUMMARY suggests that a water-boiled extraction is much faster method and strongly ST:STUDY_SUMMARY recommended over the 50% ethanol-soaked method for both O. sinensis and C. ST:STUDY_SUMMARY militaris. ST:INSTITUTE Sun Yat-sen University ST:LAST_NAME ZHONG ST:FIRST_NAME Xin ST:ADDRESS Guangzhou ST:EMAIL zhongxin@mail.sysu.edu.cn ST:PHONE 862084112299 #SUBJECT SU:SUBJECT_TYPE Fungi SU:SUBJECT_SPECIES Ophiocordyceps sinensis;Cordyceps militaris SU:TAXONOMY_ID 72228;73501 #FACTORS #SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS: SUBJECT(optional)[tab]SAMPLE[tab]FACTORS(NAME:VALUE pairs separated by |)[tab]Additional sample data SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - A_cc_1 Species:Ophiocordyceps sinensis | Treatment:Boiled water SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - A_cc_2 Species:Ophiocordyceps sinensis | Treatment:Boiled water SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - A_cc_3 Species:Ophiocordyceps sinensis | Treatment:Boiled water SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - A_cc_4 Species:Ophiocordyceps sinensis | Treatment:Boiled water SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - A_cc_5 Species:Ophiocordyceps sinensis | Treatment:Boiled water SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - A_Yh_2 Species:Cordyceps militaris | Treatment:Boiled water SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - A_Yh_1 Species:Cordyceps militaris | Treatment:Boiled water SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - A_Yh_3 Species:Cordyceps militaris | Treatment:Boiled water SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - A_Yh_4 Species:Cordyceps militaris | Treatment:Boiled water SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - A_Yh_5 Species:Cordyceps militaris | Treatment:Boiled water SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - B_cc_1 Species:Ophiocordyceps sinensis | Treatment:50% ethanol-soaked SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - B_cc_2 Species:Ophiocordyceps sinensis | Treatment:50% ethanol-soaked SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - B_cc_3 Species:Ophiocordyceps sinensis | Treatment:50% ethanol-soaked SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - B_cc_4 Species:Ophiocordyceps sinensis | Treatment:50% ethanol-soaked SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - B_cc_5 Species:Ophiocordyceps sinensis | Treatment:50% ethanol-soaked SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - B_Yh_1 Species:Cordyceps militaris | Treatment:50% ethanol-soaked SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - B_Yh_2 Species:Cordyceps militaris | Treatment:50% ethanol-soaked SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - B_Yh_3 Species:Cordyceps militaris | Treatment:50% ethanol-soaked SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - B_Yh_4 Species:Cordyceps militaris | Treatment:50% ethanol-soaked SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - B_Yh_5 Species:Cordyceps militaris | Treatment:50% ethanol-soaked #COLLECTION CO:COLLECTION_SUMMARY two species were collected: Ophiocordyceps sinensis and Cordyceps militaris CO:SAMPLE_TYPE fungi #TREATMENT TR:TREATMENT_SUMMARY two treatments: boiled water and 50% ethanol-soaked #SAMPLEPREP SP:SAMPLEPREP_SUMMARY The extracts were centrifuged (15 min, 13,000 rpm) at 4oC and 3 mL of SP:SAMPLEPREP_SUMMARY supernatant was collected. The supernatant was frozen at -80oC and then dried SP:SAMPLEPREP_SUMMARY using a vacuum centrifugal evaporator (CHRiST, Alpha 2-4/LSC, Germany). The SP:SAMPLEPREP_SUMMARY dried residues were separately dissolved in 3 mL of distilled water. A 600 µL SP:SAMPLEPREP_SUMMARY extract was filtered (Millipore Amicon® ULTRA 3 kDa) and filtrates were SP:SAMPLEPREP_SUMMARY collected. 3-(Trimethylsilyl) propanesulfonic acid (50 µL) pre-dissolved in D2O SP:SAMPLEPREP_SUMMARY (an internal standard) was subsequently added to 450 µL of the filtrates. SP:SAMPLEPREP_SUMMARY Finally, aliquots (480 µL) of each extract were transferred to a 5 mm NMR tube SP:SAMPLEPREP_SUMMARY (Norell, Morganton, NC, USA) for NMR analysis. #ANALYSIS AN:ANALYSIS_TYPE NMR #NMR NM:INSTRUMENT_NAME Bruker AV III 600 MHz NMR spectrometer NM:INSTRUMENT_TYPE FT-NMR NM:NMR_EXPERIMENT_TYPE 1D-1H NM:SPECTROMETER_FREQUENCY 600 MHz #NMR_METABOLITE_DATA NMR_METABOLITE_DATA:UNITS ppm NMR_METABOLITE_DATA_START Samples B_Yh_1 B_Yh_2 B_Yh_3 B_Yh_4 B_Yh_5 A_Yh_1 A_Yh_2 A_Yh_3 A_Yh_4 A_Yh_5 B_cc_1 B_cc_2 B_cc_3 B_cc_4 B_cc_5 A_cc_1 A_cc_2 A_cc_3 A_cc_4 A_cc_5 Factors Species:Cordyceps militaris | Treatment:50% ethanol-soaked Species:Cordyceps militaris | Treatment:50% ethanol-soaked Species:Cordyceps militaris | Treatment:50% ethanol-soaked Species:Cordyceps militaris | Treatment:50% ethanol-soaked Species:Cordyceps militaris | Treatment:50% ethanol-soaked Species:Cordyceps militaris | Treatment:Boiled water Species:Cordyceps militaris | Treatment:Boiled water Species:Cordyceps militaris | Treatment:Boiled water Species:Cordyceps militaris | Treatment:Boiled water Species:Cordyceps militaris | Treatment:Boiled water Species:Ophiocordyceps sinensis | Treatment:50% ethanol-soaked Species:Ophiocordyceps sinensis | Treatment:50% ethanol-soaked Species:Ophiocordyceps sinensis | Treatment:50% ethanol-soaked Species:Ophiocordyceps sinensis | Treatment:50% ethanol-soaked Species:Ophiocordyceps sinensis | Treatment:50% ethanol-soaked Species:Ophiocordyceps sinensis | Treatment:Boiled water Species:Ophiocordyceps sinensis | Treatment:Boiled water Species:Ophiocordyceps sinensis | Treatment:Boiled water Species:Ophiocordyceps sinensis | Treatment:Boiled water Species:Ophiocordyceps sinensis | Treatment:Boiled water 1-Methylnicotinamide 0.0132 0.0386 0.0418 0.0443 0.0447 0.0012 0.0013 0.0007 0.0009 0.0003 0.0195 0.0148 0.0202 0.0198 0.0236 0.0119 0.0168 0.017 0.0146 0.0179 2-Aminobutyrate 0 0 0 0 0 0.0257 0.0205 0.0149 0.0193 0.0213 0 0 0 0 0 0.0251 0.0247 0.0236 0.0234 0.0222 3-Phenyllactate 0.1331 0.1457 0.1487 0.1704 0.1638 0 0 0 0 0 0.1354 0.111 0.1196 0.1023 0.1277 0 0 0 0 0 4-Aminobutyrate 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.2017 0.2141 0.1917 0.1985 0.1718 Acetate 0.1221 0.1343 0.1423 0.1705 0.1697 0.1733 0.1669 0.1545 0.1823 0.1427 0.1009 0.1014 0.0749 0.0508 0.067 0.029 0.0232 0.0242 0.0271 0.0239 Adenosine 0 0 0 0 0 0.07 0.0696 0.0695 0.1006 0.052 0 0 0 0 0 0.0178 0.0121 0.016 0.0188 0.0186 Alanine 1.465 1.7655 1.885 1.8179 1.733 1.2998 1.1787 0.9588 1.1601 1.2783 1.0523 0.9823 0.9493 0.8497 1.021 0.6509 0.6991 0.6627 0.6181 0.6318 Arginine 0 0 0 0 0 0.2543 0.3709 0.2057 0.3259 0.3164 0 0 0 0 0 0.299 0.2583 0.2814 0.2697 0.2527 Asparagine 0.2744 0.176 0.1696 0.2315 0.2386 0.1505 0.1269 0.0916 0.0841 0.1457 0.0259 0.0321 0.019 0.0207 0.0328 0.1142 0.1058 0.1037 0.1103 0.1019 Aspartate 0.5532 0.5219 0.5564 0.6203 0.5949 0.6627 0.5665 0.5087 0.6684 0.6725 0.3058 0.2647 0.2544 0.1449 0.2525 0.097 0.0889 0.1043 0.1133 0.1199 Betaine 1.7068 1.8664 1.9309 2.0586 2.0686 0.1706 0.1477 0.1163 0.1378 0.179 0.1762 0.1478 0.1958 0.1687 0.1861 0.3266 0.3654 0.3404 0.3053 0.3013 Choline 0.2043 0.2668 0.3158 0.2675 0.2294 0.289 0.2673 0.2362 0.2867 0.2356 0.3685 0.3118 0.3379 0.3446 0.3747 0.208 0.225 0.2125 0.1959 0.2027 Ethanolamine 0.2469 0.269 0.3428 0.3643 0.308 0.1346 0.0912 0.0727 0.1144 0.1303 0.467 0.4001 0.3989 0.3338 0.4229 0.1491 0.1438 0.1062 0.1516 0.1388 Formate 0.1521 0.2395 0.2966 0.2546 0.2532 0.2434 0.2243 0.179 0.2067 0.2466 0.1278 0.1389 0.1548 0.1152 0.182 0.0131 0.0093 0.0138 0.0115 0.0138 Fructose 0 0 0 0 0 0.2776 0.1353 0.1897 0.2638 0.2018 0 0 0 0 0 0.0875 0.1357 0.1192 0.1143 0.1218 Fumarate 0.0785 0.1122 0.136 0.1096 0.0763 0.0539 0.0377 0.0189 0.0079 0.0682 0.0121 0.0111 0.0082 0.0053 0.0109 0.0038 0.0031 0.0041 0.0049 0.0053 Glucose 0 0 0 0 0 0.3702 0.3178 0.2748 0.4489 0.5123 0 0 0 0 0 0.3825 0.4318 0.3634 0.3533 0.4457 Glutamate 2.567 1.7212 2.122 1.7418 2.1607 1.9754 1.7762 1.5978 1.9286 2.0819 0.914 0.969 0.6197 0.7651 1.0371 0.4511 0.3457 0.4257 0.5482 0.622 Glutamine 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.2627 0.3009 0.2855 0.2663 0.2415 Glycerol 0.8782 1.0115 0.7429 1.1388 1.0847 1.0488 0.9835 0.8532 1.0691 0.9725 1.3206 0.8568 0.8144 0.6691 0.6838 0.5686 0.5172 0.5606 0.6517 0.5947 Glycine 0.1574 0.1236 0.2616 0.2244 0.2408 0.0603 0.0694 0.0637 0.0922 0.0524 0.0591 0.0689 0.129 0.1375 0.1613 0.0879 0.0818 0.087 0.0817 0.0953 Guanosine 0 0 0 0 0 0.0194 0.0232 0.0217 0.0317 0.0111 0 0 0 0 0 0.0145 0.0138 0.0182 0.0195 0.0146 Hypoxanthine 0.228 0.2374 0.2454 0.2501 0.1928 0 0 0 0 0 0.0171 0.0179 0.0211 0.0134 0.0208 0 0 0 0 0 Inosine 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0078 0.0086 0.0068 0.0082 0.0103 Isoleucine 0.105 0.1273 0.0826 0.1437 0.1098 0.0937 0.0849 0.0757 0.1076 0.0761 0.1338 0.0541 0.0553 0.0403 0.0523 0.0459 0.0418 0.045 0.0515 0.059 Lactate 0.5239 0.2939 0.1597 0.2835 0.0853 0.0572 0.0499 0.0751 0.0667 0.0557 0.2575 0.06 0.1131 0.0493 0.047 0.0425 0.034 0.0448 0.0614 0.047 Leucine 0.2021 0.16 0.197 0.1329 0.2768 0.0991 0.1052 0.0895 0.1378 0.0855 0.1334 0.1379 0.09 0.0783 0.1191 0.0674 0.0595 0.0644 0.0744 0.0861 Lysine 0.2457 0.5117 0.6231 0.5955 0.3299 0.3945 0.4114 0.3495 0.483 0.348 0.5003 0.4706 0.3688 0.3254 0.4196 0.3603 0.3994 0.3802 0.3082 0.4124 Mannitol 5.2057 5.0244 5.679 5.8474 6.4625 6.0522 5.3223 3.9664 4.6447 6.2893 10.3498 9.3345 8.53 7.4413 9.5496 8.2276 8.6908 8.3783 7.8496 8.0896 Methanol 0.0813 0.0689 0.0378 0.0457 0.0754 0.069 0.0646 0.0657 0.0683 0.0786 0.0823 0.0518 0.0691 0.0911 0.0694 0.067 0.0656 0.0636 0.0668 0.0666 Nicotinate 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0088 0.0013 0.0073 0.008 0.0067 Nicotinurate 0 0 0 0 0 0.0162 0.02 0.008 0.0137 0.0141 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 O-Phosphocholine 0.5828 0.5717 0.5869 0.6393 0.674 0 0 0 0 0 0.0608 0.0759 0.0821 0.053 0.06 0 0 0 0 0 Ornithine 0.9373 0.5537 1.1164 0.7424 0.5858 1.1281 1.0431 0.9064 1.3035 1.0163 0.2608 0.1459 0.1273 0.1113 0.1926 0.3011 0.2889 0.3773 0.3221 0.4502 Phenylalanine 0 0 0 0 0 0.0787 0.0835 0.0703 0.0889 0.0648 0 0 0 0 0 0.0829 0.062 0.0747 0.0855 0.1058 Proline 0.5643 0.5334 0.3997 0.4896 0.5572 0.5916 0.5199 0.3977 0.5882 0.5987 0.5609 0.3617 0.5474 0.3692 0.504 0.2968 0.2191 0.278 0.3051 0.2838 Putrescine 0 0 0 0 0 0.5386 0.4973 0.4567 0.6182 0.4811 0 0 0 0 0 0.0875 0.1048 0.0645 0.0859 0.0772 Pyroglutamate 0.8667 1.1104 1.0861 0.8954 1.1983 1.221 1.0777 0.8444 0.8877 1.4084 1.2771 1.3346 1.4522 1.6102 1.5408 0.6274 0.7796 0.7815 0.6744 0.5824 Serine 1.0162 0.7839 0.8519 0.9071 0.9178 0.6025 0.6836 0.5443 0.7341 0.626 0.4867 0.3801 0.2536 0.1487 0.1609 0.1225 0.1242 0.1182 0.142 0.1316 Taurine 0 0 0 0 0 0.2478 0.3055 0.158 0.2426 0.2883 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Threonine 0.5602 0.8404 1.0031 0.8889 0.6517 0.5409 0.5003 0.4294 0.5377 0.5124 0.4166 0.3246 0.2725 0.1982 0.2821 0.1203 0.1185 0.1129 0.1191 0.1289 Trehalose 17.8595 20.6808 18.3632 19.9543 22.1553 13.2166 12.2714 10.8925 14.1502 11.198 7.4473 6.4249 6.0727 5.0262 6.3767 4.3833 4.9429 4.5124 4.5157 4.5105 Trigonelline 0 0 0 0 0 0.0287 0.0253 0.0177 0.022 0.0292 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Trimethylamine 0.0375 0.0351 0.034 0.0427 0.0526 0.0032 0.0032 0.0024 0.0034 0.0035 0.0742 0.0835 0.1139 0.107 0.1016 0.0105 0.0086 0.0101 0.0101 0.0107 Trimethylamine N-oxide 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.029 0.0273 0.0297 0.0298 0.0257 Tryptophan 0 0 0 0 0 0.0106 0.011 0.0107 0.0116 0.0106 0 0 0 0 0 0.0126 0.0147 0.0092 0.0085 0.0101 Tyrosine 0.3533 0.3877 0.4326 0.4602 0.3808 0.4387 0.3822 0.2935 0.346 0.4533 0.1936 0.1848 0.1947 0.1781 0.2159 0.1269 0.1443 0.1307 0.1173 0.1243 UDP-N-Acetylglucosamine 0.0824 0.1048 0.0973 0.1221 0.105 0.0755 0.0633 0.0463 0.0497 0.0684 0.0145 0.0151 0.0193 0.0138 0.0178 0.0093 0.0102 0.0125 0.0119 0.0122 Uridine 0 0 0 0 0 0.0787 0.0859 0.077 0.1222 0.0579 0 0 0 0 0 0.0665 0.069 0.0695 0.0648 0.0608 Valine 0.581 0.554 0.6331 0.6895 0.7168 0.494 0.4879 0.3992 0.4935 0.5045 0.2766 0.2252 0.2166 0.1871 0.2411 0.1528 0.1299 0.1397 0.1521 0.1683 Xylose 0.3746 0.6459 0.7821 0.6049 0.752 0.0002 0.0003 0.0011 0.0007 0.0005 2.2064 2.1033 4.1472 3.6992 2.9457 0.0284 0.0301 0.0352 0.0281 0.034 pi-Methylhistidine 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.1665 0.1528 0.1612 0.2015 0.2241 NMR_METABOLITE_DATA_END #METABOLITES METABOLITES_START metabolite_name PubChem ID KEGG ID 1-Methylnicotinamide 457 C02918 2-Aminobutyrate 80283 C02356 3-Phenyllactate 3848 C05607 4-Aminobutyrate 119 C00334 Acetate 176 C00033 Adenosine 60961 C00212 Alanine 5950 C00041 Arginine 6322 C00062 Asparagine 6267 C00152 Aspartate 5960 C00049 Betaine 248 C00719 Choline 305 C00114 Ethanolamine 700 C00189 Formate 284 C00058 Fructose 439163 C00095 Fumarate 723 C00122 Glucose 5793 C00031 Glutamate 33032 C00025 Glutamine 5961 C00064 Glycerol 753 C00116 Glycine 750 C00037 Guanosine 6802 C00387 Hypoxanthine 790 C00262 Inosine 6021 C00294 Isoleucine 6306 C00407 Lactate 107689 C00186 Leucine 6106 C00123 Lysine 5962 C00047 Mannitol 6251 C00392 Methanol 887 C00132 Nicotinate 938 C00253 Nicotinurate 68499 C05380 O-Phosphocholine 1014 C00588 Ornithine 6262 C00077 Phenylalanine 6140 C00079 pi-Methylhistidine 64969 C01152 Proline 145742 C00148 Putrescine 1045 C00134 Pyroglutamate 7405 C01879 Serine 5951 C00065 Taurine 1123 C00245 Threonine 6288 C00188 Trehalose 7427 C01083 Trigonelline 5571 C01004 Trimethylamine 1146 C00565 Trimethylamine N-oxide 1145 C01104 Tryptophan 6305 C00078 Tyrosine 6057 C00082 UDP-N-Acetylglucosamine 445675 C00043 Uridine 6029 C00299 Valine 6287 C00183 Xylose 135191 C00181 METABOLITES_END #END