#METABOLOMICS WORKBENCH nurwahidahamdan01_20210916_182707 DATATRACK_ID:2847 STUDY_ID:ST001982 ANALYSIS_ID:AN003233 PROJECT_ID:PR001258 VERSION 1 CREATED_ON September 16, 2021, 8:39 pm #PROJECT PR:PROJECT_TITLE Lipidomic characterization of Candida albicans in response to Aureobasidin PR:PROJECT_TITLE treatment in vitro. PR:PROJECT_SUMMARY Candida albicans is an opportunistic yeast pathogen that causes a wide range of PR:PROJECT_SUMMARY infections especially amongst immunocompromised patients. Aureobasidin A (AbA) PR:PROJECT_SUMMARY has been shown to inhibit inositolphosphoryl ceramide synthase (IPCS), a key PR:PROJECT_SUMMARY enzyme responsible for sphingolipid biosynthesis. There are limited studies PR:PROJECT_SUMMARY exploring IPCS as a target molecule for antifungal treatment. It is hypothesized PR:PROJECT_SUMMARY that the mechanism of AbA inhibition involves alteration of C. albicans PR:PROJECT_SUMMARY phospholipid and sphingolipid profiles. The profiling of C. albicans PR:PROJECT_SUMMARY phospholipid and sphingolipid upon exposure to 0.5-4 µg/ml of AbA were PR:PROJECT_SUMMARY determined using Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). PR:INSTITUTE University of Malaya PR:DEPARTMENT Medical Microbiology Department PR:LABORATORY Lab 3 PR:LAST_NAME Hamdan PR:FIRST_NAME Nur Wahida PR:ADDRESS Jalan Profesor Diraja Ungku Aziz, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala PR:ADDRESS Lumpur, Malaysia PR:EMAIL nurwahidahamdan@siswa.um.edu.my PR:PHONE 0193354272 PR:FUNDING_SOURCE FRGS(FP035-2014A), UM PPP(PG178-2015B) #STUDY ST:STUDY_TITLE Lipidomic characterization of Candida albicans in response to Aureobasidin ST:STUDY_TITLE treatment in vitro. ST:STUDY_SUMMARY Candida albicans is an opportunistic yeast pathogen that causes a wide range of ST:STUDY_SUMMARY infections especially amongst immunocompromised patients. Aureobasidin A (AbA) ST:STUDY_SUMMARY has been shown to inhibit inositolphosphoryl ceramide synthase (IPCS), a key ST:STUDY_SUMMARY enzyme responsible for sphingolipid biosynthesis. There are limited studies ST:STUDY_SUMMARY exploring IPCS as a target molecule for antifungal treatment. It is hypothesized ST:STUDY_SUMMARY that the mechanism of AbA inhibition involves alteration of C. albicans ST:STUDY_SUMMARY phospholipid and sphingolipid profiles. The profiling of C. albicans ST:STUDY_SUMMARY phospholipid and sphingolipid upon exposure to 0.5-4 µg/ml of AbA were ST:STUDY_SUMMARY determined using Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). ST:INSTITUTE University of Malaya ST:LAST_NAME Hamdan ST:FIRST_NAME Nur Wahida ST:ADDRESS Jalan Profesor Diraja Ungku Aziz, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala ST:ADDRESS Lumpur, Malaysia ST:EMAIL nurwahidahamdan@siswa.um.edu.my ST:PHONE 0193354272 ST:NUM_GROUPS 5 ST:TOTAL_SUBJECTS Duplicates ST:NUM_MALES NA ST:NUM_FEMALES NA #SUBJECT SU:SUBJECT_TYPE Yeast SU:SUBJECT_SPECIES Candida albicans SU:TAXONOMY_ID 5476 SU:GENOTYPE_STRAIN SC 5314 #FACTORS #SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS: SUBJECT(optional)[tab]SAMPLE[tab]FACTORS(NAME:VALUE pairs separated by |)[tab]Raw file names and additional sample data SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - N_0.5_PA Treatment:AbA-treated | Concentration (ug/ml):0.5 | Extraction method:Phospholipids | Ionization mode:Negative SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - N_0.5_PB Treatment:AbA-treated | Concentration (ug/ml):0.5 | Extraction method:Phospholipids | Ionization mode:Negative SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - N_0.5_SA Treatment:AbA-treated | Concentration (ug/ml):0.5 | Extraction method:Sphingolipids | Ionization mode:Negative SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - N_0.5_SB Treatment:AbA-treated | Concentration (ug/ml):0.5 | Extraction method:Sphingolipids | Ionization mode:Negative SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - N_1_PA Treatment:AbA-treated | Concentration (ug/ml):1 | Extraction method:phospholipids | Ionization mode:Negative SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - N_1_PB Treatment:AbA-treated | Concentration (ug/ml):1 | Extraction method:Phospholipids | Ionization mode:Negative SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - N_1_SA Treatment:AbA-treated | Concentration (ug/ml):1 | Extraction method:Sphingolipids | Ionization mode:Negative SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - N_1_SB Treatment:AbA-treated | Concentration (ug/ml):1 | Extraction method:Sphingolipids | Ionization mode:Negative SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - N_2_PA Treatment:AbA-treated | Concentration (ug/ml):2 | Extraction method:Phospholipids | Ionization mode:Negative SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - N_2_PB Treatment:AbA-treated | Concentration (ug/ml):2 | Extraction method:Phospholipids | Ionization mode:Negative SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - N_2_SA Treatment:AbA-treated | Concentration (ug/ml):2 | Extraction method:Sphingolipids | Ionization mode:Negative SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - N_2_SB Treatment:AbA-treated | Concentration (ug/ml):2 | Extraction method:Sphingolipids | Ionization mode:Negative SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - N_4_PA Treatment:AbA-treated | Concentration (ug/ml):4 | Extraction method:Phospholipids | Ionization mode:Negative SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - N_4_PB Treatment:AbA-treated | Concentration (ug/ml):4 | Extraction method:Phospholipids | Ionization mode:Negative SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - N_4_SA Treatment:AbA-treated | Concentration (ug/ml):4 | Extraction method:Sphingolipids | Ionization mode:Negative SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - N_4_SB Treatment:AbA-treated | Concentration (ug/ml):4 | Extraction method:Sphingolipids | Ionization mode:Negative SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - N_DMSO_PA Treatment:Control | Concentration (ug/ml):- | Extraction method:Phospholipids | Ionization mode:Negative SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - N_DMSO_PB Treatment:Control | Concentration (ug/ml):- | Extraction method:Phospholipids | Ionization mode:Negative SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - N_DMSO_SA Treatment:Control | Concentration (ug/ml):- | Extraction method:Sphingolipids | Ionization mode:Negative SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - N_DMSO_SB Treatment:Control | Concentration (ug/ml):- | Extraction method:Sphingolipids | Ionization mode:Negative SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - n0.5_PA Treatment:AbA-treated | Concentration (ug/ml):0.5 | Extraction method:Phospholipids | Ionization mode:Negative SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - n0.5_PB Treatment:AbA-treated | Concentration (ug/ml):0.5 | Extraction method:Phospholipids | Ionization mode:Negative SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - n0.5_SA Treatment:AbA-treated | Concentration (ug/ml):0.5 | Extraction method:Sphingolipids | Ionization mode:Negative SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - n0.5_SB Treatment:AbA-treated | Concentration (ug/ml):0.5 | Extraction method:Sphingolipids | Ionization mode:Negative SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - n1_PA Treatment:AbA-treated | Concentration (ug/ml):1 | Extraction method:phospholipids | Ionization mode:Negative SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - n1_PB Treatment:AbA-treated | Concentration (ug/ml):1 | Extraction method:Phospholipids | Ionization mode:Negative SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - n1_SA Treatment:AbA-treated | Concentration (ug/ml):1 | Extraction method:Sphingolipids | Ionization mode:Negative SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - n1_SB Treatment:AbA-treated | Concentration (ug/ml):1 | Extraction method:Sphingolipids | Ionization mode:Negative SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - n2_PA Treatment:AbA-treated | Concentration (ug/ml):2 | Extraction method:Phospholipids | Ionization mode:Negative SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - n2_PB Treatment:AbA-treated | Concentration (ug/ml):2 | Extraction method:Phospholipids | Ionization mode:Negative SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - n2_SA Treatment:AbA-treated | Concentration (ug/ml):2 | Extraction method:Sphingolipids | Ionization mode:Negative SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - n2_SB Treatment:AbA-treated | Concentration (ug/ml):2 | Extraction method:Sphingolipids | Ionization mode:Negative SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - n4_PA Treatment:AbA-treated | Concentration (ug/ml):4 | Extraction method:Phospholipids | Ionization mode:Negative SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - n4_PB Treatment:AbA-treated | Concentration (ug/ml):4 | Extraction method:Phospholipids | Ionization mode:Negative SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - n4_SA Treatment:AbA-treated | Concentration (ug/ml):4 | Extraction method:Sphingolipids | Ionization mode:Negative SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - n4_SB Treatment:AbA-treated | Concentration (ug/ml):4 | Extraction method:Sphingolipids | Ionization mode:Negative SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - nDMSO_PA Treatment:Control | Concentration (ug/ml):- | Extraction method:Phospholipids | Ionization mode:Negative SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - nDMSO_PB Treatment:Control | Concentration (ug/ml):- | Extraction method:Phospholipids | Ionization mode:Negative SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - nDMSO_SA Treatment:Control | Concentration (ug/ml):- | Extraction method:Sphingolipids | Ionization mode:Negative SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - nDMSO_SB Treatment:Control | Concentration (ug/ml):- | Extraction method:Sphingolipids | Ionization mode:Negative SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - P_0.5_PA Treatment:AbA-treated | Concentration (ug/ml):0.5 | Extraction method:Phospholipids | Ionization mode:Positive SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - P_0.5_PB Treatment:AbA-treated | Concentration (ug/ml):0.5 | Extraction method:Phospholipids | Ionization mode:Positive SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - P_0.5_SA Treatment:AbA-treated | Concentration (ug/ml):0.5 | Extraction method:Sphingolipids | Ionization mode:Positive SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - P_0.5_SB Treatment:AbA-treated | Concentration (ug/ml):0.5 | Extraction method:Sphingolipids | Ionization mode:Positive SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - P_1_PA Treatment:AbA-treated | Concentration (ug/ml):1 | Extraction method:phospholipids | Ionization mode:Positive SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - P_1_PB Treatment:AbA-treated | Concentration (ug/ml):1 | Extraction method:Phospholipids | Ionization mode:Positive SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - P_1_SA Treatment:AbA-treated | Concentration (ug/ml):1 | Extraction method:Sphingolipids | Ionization mode:Positive SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - P_1_SB Treatment:AbA-treated | Concentration (ug/ml):1 | Extraction method:Sphingolipids | Ionization mode:Positive SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - P_2_PA Treatment:AbA-treated | Concentration (ug/ml):2 | Extraction method:Phospholipids | Ionization mode:Positive SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - P_2_PB Treatment:AbA-treated | Concentration (ug/ml):2 | Extraction method:Phospholipids | Ionization mode:Positive SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - P_2_SA Treatment:AbA-treated | Concentration (ug/ml):2 | Extraction method:Sphingolipids | Ionization mode:Positive SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - P_2_SB Treatment:AbA-treated | Concentration (ug/ml):2 | Extraction method:Sphingolipids | Ionization mode:Positive SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - P_4_PA Treatment:AbA-treated | Concentration (ug/ml):4 | Extraction method:Phospholipids | Ionization mode:Positive SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - P_4_PB Treatment:AbA-treated | Concentration (ug/ml):4 | Extraction method:Phospholipids | Ionization mode:Positive SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - P_4_SA Treatment:AbA-treated | Concentration (ug/ml):4 | Extraction method:Sphingolipids | Ionization mode:Positive SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - P_4_SB Treatment:AbA-treated | Concentration (ug/ml):4 | Extraction method:Sphingolipids | Ionization mode:Positive SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - P_DMSO_PA Treatment:Control | Concentration (ug/ml):- | Extraction method:Phospholipids | Ionization mode:Positive SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - P_DMSO_PB Treatment:Control | Concentration (ug/ml):- | Extraction method:Phospholipids | Ionization mode:Positive SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - P_DMSO_SA Treatment:Control | Concentration (ug/ml):- | Extraction method:Sphingolipids | Ionization mode:Positive SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - P_DMSO_SB Treatment:Control | Concentration (ug/ml):- | Extraction method:Sphingolipids | Ionization mode:Positive SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - p0.5_PA Treatment:AbA-treated | Concentration (ug/ml):0.5 | Extraction method:Phospholipids | Ionization mode:Positive SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - p0.5_PB Treatment:AbA-treated | Concentration (ug/ml):0.5 | Extraction method:Phospholipids | Ionization mode:Positive SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - p0.5_SA Treatment:AbA-treated | Concentration (ug/ml):0.5 | Extraction method:Sphingolipids | Ionization mode:Positive SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - p0.5_SB Treatment:AbA-treated | Concentration (ug/ml):0.5 | Extraction method:Sphingolipids | Ionization mode:Positive SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - p1_PA Treatment:AbA-treated | Concentration (ug/ml):1 | Extraction method:phospholipids | Ionization mode:Positive SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - p1_PB Treatment:AbA-treated | Concentration (ug/ml):1 | Extraction method:Phospholipids | Ionization mode:Positive SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - p1_SA Treatment:AbA-treated | Concentration (ug/ml):1 | Extraction method:Sphingolipids | Ionization mode:Positive SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - p1_SB Treatment:AbA-treated | Concentration (ug/ml):1 | Extraction method:Sphingolipids | Ionization mode:Positive SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - p2_PA Treatment:AbA-treated | Concentration (ug/ml):2 | Extraction method:Phospholipids | Ionization mode:Positive SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - p2_PB Treatment:AbA-treated | Concentration (ug/ml):2 | Extraction method:Phospholipids | Ionization mode:Positive SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - p2_SA Treatment:AbA-treated | Concentration (ug/ml):2 | Extraction method:Sphingolipids | Ionization mode:Positive SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - p2_SB Treatment:AbA-treated | Concentration (ug/ml):2 | Extraction method:Sphingolipids | Ionization mode:Positive SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - p4_PA Treatment:AbA-treated | Concentration (ug/ml):4 | Extraction method:Phospholipids | Ionization mode:Positive SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - p4_PB Treatment:AbA-treated | Concentration (ug/ml):4 | Extraction method:Phospholipids | Ionization mode:Positive SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - p4_SA Treatment:AbA-treated | Concentration (ug/ml):4 | Extraction method:Sphingolipids | Ionization mode:Positive SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - p4_SB Treatment:AbA-treated | Concentration (ug/ml):4 | Extraction method:Sphingolipids | Ionization mode:Positive SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - pDMSO_PA Treatment:Control | Concentration (ug/ml):- | Extraction method:Phospholipids | Ionization mode:Positive SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - pDMSO_PB Treatment:Control | Concentration (ug/ml):- | Extraction method:Phospholipids | Ionization mode:Positive SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - pDMSO_SA Treatment:Control | Concentration (ug/ml):- | Extraction method:Sphingolipids | Ionization mode:Positive SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - pDMSO_SB Treatment:Control | Concentration (ug/ml):- | Extraction method:Sphingolipids | Ionization mode:Positive #COLLECTION CO:COLLECTION_SUMMARY A starter culture was prepared by inoculating two loopfuls of C. albicans yeast CO:COLLECTION_SUMMARY colony in 5 ml of yeast peptone dextrose (YPD) broth and incubated at 37°C for CO:COLLECTION_SUMMARY 24 hours. 150 microlitres of the starter culture was then inoculated into 150 ml CO:COLLECTION_SUMMARY fresh YPD broth (10^7 of cells/ml) and let to grow for 6 hours until it reached CO:COLLECTION_SUMMARY 10^9 of cells/ml. CO:SAMPLE_TYPE Yeast cells CO:STORAGE_CONDITIONS -80℃ #TREATMENT TR:TREATMENT_SUMMARY The yeast cells were exposed to different concentration of Aureobasidin A (0.5, TR:TREATMENT_SUMMARY 1, 2 and 4 microgram/ml). DMSO-treated yeast culture was used as a control. The TR:TREATMENT_SUMMARY cultures were incubated for another 3 hours prior to harvesting. Each of the TR:TREATMENT_SUMMARY conditions was performed in duplicate. #SAMPLEPREP SP:SAMPLEPREP_SUMMARY Lipids enrichment Lipids were enriched using a method as described by Guan and SP:SAMPLEPREP_SUMMARY Wenk (2010). After AbA treatment, the yeast cells were harvested and washed SP:SAMPLEPREP_SUMMARY twice. The wet weight was standardized. Briefly, the cells were resuspended in 2 SP:SAMPLEPREP_SUMMARY ml 95% ethanol: water: diethyl ether: pyridine: ammonium hydroxide (15 : 15 : 5 SP:SAMPLEPREP_SUMMARY : 1 : 0.018). The cells were broken by glass beads (vortexed twice for 1 minute SP:SAMPLEPREP_SUMMARY each) and incubated for 20 min at 60 °C. Debris was pelleted by centrifugation SP:SAMPLEPREP_SUMMARY and the supernatant was transferred to a fresh tube. The pellet was re-extracted SP:SAMPLEPREP_SUMMARY once more using the same procedure. The pooled supernatants were divided into SP:SAMPLEPREP_SUMMARY equal aliquots and dried using CentriVap Concentrator System at 50 °C. One SP:SAMPLEPREP_SUMMARY aliquot was used for phospholipids and the other for sphingolipids analysis. SP:SAMPLEPREP_SUMMARY Phospholipids extraction For phospholipid extraction, the dried lipid film was SP:SAMPLEPREP_SUMMARY desalted by butanol extraction using 300 µl of water-soluble butanol and 150 SP:SAMPLEPREP_SUMMARY µl of sterile distilled water. The mixture was vortexed and centrifuged. The SP:SAMPLEPREP_SUMMARY top layer was pooled and dried in CentriVap Concentrator System at 4°C. The SP:SAMPLEPREP_SUMMARY dried phospholipids were resuspended in 400 µl chloroform and methanol (1:1, SP:SAMPLEPREP_SUMMARY v/v), vortexed for 30 s and were centrifuged again at 10,000 rpm for 5 min SP:SAMPLEPREP_SUMMARY before injecting into liquid chromatography system. Sphingolipids extraction A SP:SAMPLEPREP_SUMMARY fraction enriched in sphingolipids was obtained by mild alkaline hydrolysis, SP:SAMPLEPREP_SUMMARY which degrades ester linkages found in many glycerophospholipids (Brockerhoff, SP:SAMPLEPREP_SUMMARY 1963). To achieve this, the dried lipid films were resuspended in 400 µl SP:SAMPLEPREP_SUMMARY chloroform: methanol: water (16 : 16 : 5, v/v/v). Glycerophospholipids were SP:SAMPLEPREP_SUMMARY deacylated by 400 µl of 0.2 N NaOH and incubated at 30 °C for 45 minutes. 400 SP:SAMPLEPREP_SUMMARY µl 0.5 M EDTA was added and the samples were neutralized with 80 µl of 1 N SP:SAMPLEPREP_SUMMARY acetic acid. 400 µl of chloroform was added before the samples were vortexed SP:SAMPLEPREP_SUMMARY and centrifuged. Sphingolipids were pooled by collecting the lower phase of the SP:SAMPLEPREP_SUMMARY layers and it was dried using CentriVap Concentrator System at 4°C. The lipid SP:SAMPLEPREP_SUMMARY extract was then desalted using butanol extraction as described above. Liquid SP:SAMPLEPREP_SUMMARY Chromatography-Mass spectrometry (LC-MS) The LC-MS of the C. albicans lipids SP:SAMPLEPREP_SUMMARY were performed using a 1260 Infinity High Performance Liquid Chromatography SP:SAMPLEPREP_SUMMARY system coupled with a 6540 UHD Accurate-Mass Q-TOF mass spectrometer from SP:SAMPLEPREP_SUMMARY Agilent Technologies with a Dual Agilent Jet Stream Electrospray Ionization SP:SAMPLEPREP_SUMMARY (Dual AJS ESI) source. Typically, 2 µl of sample was injected for mass SP:SAMPLEPREP_SUMMARY spectrometry analysis. The Dual AJS ESI capillary voltage and nozzle voltage was SP:SAMPLEPREP_SUMMARY maintained at 3.0 kV and 1 kV, respectively. The gas temperature was maintained SP:SAMPLEPREP_SUMMARY at 300 °C, drying gas flow was set at the rate of 8 L/min, sheath gas SP:SAMPLEPREP_SUMMARY temperature and sheath gas flow at 350 °C and 11 L/min respectively and SP:SAMPLEPREP_SUMMARY nebulizer pressure was set at 35 psi. The mass spectrum was acquired from a SP:SAMPLEPREP_SUMMARY mass-to charge ratio (m/z) of 400–1400 in the positive and negative ion mode, SP:SAMPLEPREP_SUMMARY with an acquisition time of 3 minutes, and the scan duration was 1 second. SP:SAMPLEPREP_SUMMARY Samples were directly infused using an autosampler syringe pump at a flow rate SP:SAMPLEPREP_SUMMARY of 10 µl/min into Zorbax Eclipse Plus C18, 2.1 x 100 mm, 1.8 µm reverse phase SP:SAMPLEPREP_SUMMARY column. The mobile phase was chloroform and methanol with 1 : 1 (v/v ratio) and SP:SAMPLEPREP_SUMMARY water with 0.1% formic acid at a flow rate of 15 µl/min. Individual molecular SP:SAMPLEPREP_SUMMARY species was identified using tandem mass spectrometry and in general, the SP:SAMPLEPREP_SUMMARY collision energy used was in the range 25–80 eV. Two reference masses were SP:SAMPLEPREP_SUMMARY used in each ionization modes, i.e., 121.0509 m/z and 922.0098 m/z for positive SP:SAMPLEPREP_SUMMARY ionization, 112.9855 m/z and 1033.9881 m/z for negative ionization mode. All the SP:SAMPLEPREP_SUMMARY data attained from mass spectral was in a d. format. SP:PROCESSING_STORAGE_CONDITIONS Described in summary SP:EXTRACT_STORAGE Described in summary #CHROMATOGRAPHY CH:CHROMATOGRAPHY_TYPE Reversed phase CH:INSTRUMENT_NAME Agilent 6530 CH:COLUMN_NAME Agilent Zorbax Eclipse Plus C18 (100 x 2.1mm, 1.8 um) CH:FLOW_GRADIENT yes CH:FLOW_RATE 15ul/ml CH:COLUMN_TEMPERATURE 45 CH:SOLVENT_A Chloroform and methanol CH:SOLVENT_B Water and formic acids CH:INTERNAL_STANDARD 121.0509 m/z and 922.0098 m/z for positive ionization, 112.9855 m/z and CH:INTERNAL_STANDARD 1033.9881 m/z for negative ionization mode. #ANALYSIS AN:ANALYSIS_TYPE MS #MS MS:INSTRUMENT_NAME Agilent 6540 QTOF MS:INSTRUMENT_TYPE QTOF MS:MS_TYPE ESI MS:ION_MODE NEGATIVE MS:MS_COMMENTS Agilent MassHunter Workstation Qualitative Analysis software version B.06.00 MS:MS_RESULTS_FILE ST001982_AN003233_Results.txt UNITS:minute Has m/z:Yes Has RT:Yes RT units:Minutes #END