ST000724 Red squirrels age related changes
List of human metabolic pathways and metabolites (REACTOME)

Pathway name (# of metabolites detected in study)Reactome pathway
5-Phosphoribose 1-diphosphate biosynthesis (1) REACT_850
Abacavir metabolism (4) REACT_121388
ABCA transporters in lipid homeostasis (1) REACT_111158
ABH2 mediated Reversal of Alkylation Damage (2) REACT_526
ABH3 mediated Reversal of Alkylation Damage (2) REACT_1662
Abnormal conversion of 2-oxoglutarate to 2-hydroxyglutarate (1) REACT_160183
Abnormal metabolism in phenylketonuria (9) REACT_121117
Acetylcholine Neurotransmitter Release Cycle (2) REACT_15309
Acetylcholine regulates insulin secretion (1) REACT_18405
Activation of AMPA receptors (1) REACT_18338
Activation of Ca-permeable Kainate Receptor (1) REACT_21346
Activation of gene expression by SREBF (SREBP) (3) REACT_147904
Activation of Na-permeable Kainate Receptors (1) REACT_21343
Activation of PPARGC1A (PGC-1alpha) by phosphorylation (1) REACT_200686
Activation of the phototransduction cascade (1) REACT_163932
Adrenaline,noradrenaline inhibits insulin secretion (1) REACT_18339
Adrenaline signalling through Alpha-2 adrenergic receptor (1) REACT_19180
Adrenoceptors (1) REACT_16927
Aflatoxin activation and detoxification (3) REACT_228214
Agmatine biosynthesis (1) REACT_14800
alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) metabolism (3) REACT_121147
Alpha-oxidation of phytanate (4) REACT_17003
Amine ligand-binding receptors (1) REACT_16983
Amino acid synthesis and interconversion (transamination) (12) REACT_238
Amino acid transport across the plasma membrane (20) REACT_13796
AMPK inhibits chREBP transcriptional activation activity (1) REACT_1988
Androgen biosynthesis (6) REACT_11059
Antigen Presentation: Folding, assembly and peptide loading of class I MHC (18) REACT_75795
Antigen processing: Ubiquitination & Proteasome degradation (19) REACT_75842
Arachidonate production from DAG (1) REACT_19308
Arachidonic acid metabolism (1) REACT_147851
Aromatic amines can be N-hydroxylated or N-dealkylated by CYP1A2 (1) REACT_13721
Astrocytic Glutamate-Glutamine Uptake And Metabolism (2) REACT_13639
Beta oxidation of butanoyl-CoA to acetyl-CoA (3) REACT_419
Beta oxidation of decanoyl-CoA to octanoyl-CoA-CoA (2) REACT_1708
Beta oxidation of hexanoyl-CoA to butanoyl-CoA (2) REACT_1887
Beta oxidation of lauroyl-CoA to decanoyl-CoA-CoA (2) REACT_735
Beta oxidation of myristoyl-CoA to lauroyl-CoA (2) REACT_2108
Beta oxidation of octanoyl-CoA to hexanoyl-CoA (2) REACT_1697
Beta oxidation of palmitoyl-CoA to myristoyl-CoA (2) REACT_2025
Beta-oxidation of pristanoyl-CoA (2) REACT_17017
Beta-oxidation of very long chain fatty acids (2) REACT_17062
Biogenic amines are oxidatively deaminated to aldehydes by MAOA and MAOB (3) REACT_416
Biosynthesis of the N-glycan precursor (dolichol lipid-linked oligosaccharide, LLO) and transfer to a nascent protein (1) REACT_22433
Biotin transport and metabolism (3) REACT_11153
BMAL1:CLOCK,NPAS2 activates circadian gene expression (3) REACT_111118
Branched-chain amino acid catabolism (6) REACT_197
Ca2+ pathway (1) REACT_172761
Cam-PDE 1 activation (1) REACT_15408
Carnitine synthesis (5) REACT_2125
Catecholamine biosynthesis (3) REACT_15551
Cell redox homeostasis (2) REACT_121394
Cell surface interactions at the vascular wall (1) REACT_12051
cGMP effects (1) REACT_23767
Cholesterol biosynthesis (8) REACT_9405
Chylomicron-mediated lipid transport (1) REACT_6841
Circadian Clock (3) REACT_24941
Citric acid cycle (TCA cycle) (8) REACT_1785
Class A/1 (Rhodopsin-like receptors) (7) REACT_14828
Class C/3 (Metabotropic glutamate/pheromone receptors) (6) REACT_18319
Class II GLUTs (1) REACT_19281
Cleavage of the damaged purine (1) REACT_1729
Cleavage of the damaged pyrimidine (1) REACT_2156
Cobalamin (Cbl, vitamin B12) transport and metabolism (4) REACT_163862
Coenzyme A biosynthesis (2) REACT_11218
Collagen biosynthesis and modifying enzymes (2) REACT_121139
Condensation of Prophase Chromosomes (3) REACT_172744
Conjugation of benzoate with glycine (4) REACT_6933
Conjugation of phenylacetate with glutamine (2) REACT_6800
Conjugation of salicylate with glycine (3) REACT_6812
COX reactions (1) REACT_1396
Creatine metabolism (7) REACT_813
CREB phosphorylation through the activation of CaMKII (2) REACT_20642
Cross-presentation of soluble exogenous antigens (endosomes) (18) REACT_111056
CYP2E1 reactions (1) REACT_13797
Cysteine formation from homocysteine (2) REACT_115589
Cytosolic iron-sulfur cluster assembly (1) REACT_160176
Cytosolic sulfonation of small molecules (9) REACT_6913
Cytosolic tRNA aminoacylation (19) REACT_15306
DARPP-32 events (1) REACT_15334
Deadenylation of mRNA (1) REACT_20514
Defective HLCS causes multiple carboxylase deficiency (1) REACT_169312
Defective MTR causes methylmalonic aciduria and homocystinuria type cblG (1) REACT_169149
Defective MTRR causes methylmalonic aciduria and homocystinuria type cblE (1) REACT_169439
Defective PAPSS2 causes SEMD-PA (1) REACT_267645
degradation of AXIN (2) REACT_200766
Degradation of cysteine and homocysteine (5) REACT_115654
Degradation of GABA (4) REACT_23964
Detoxification of Reactive Oxygen Species (2) REACT_172715
Digestion of dietary carbohydrate (1) REACT_9472
Digestion of dietary lipid (5) REACT_9518
DNA methylation (1) REACT_267652
Downregulation of SMAD2/3:SMAD4 transcriptional activity (2) REACT_121111
Eicosanoids (1) REACT_13645
Electron transport from NADPH to Ferredoxin (1) REACT_150128
Endogenous sterols (11) REACT_13812
Endosomal/Vacuolar pathway (18) REACT_111168
eNOS activation (4) REACT_12477
Enzymatic degradation of dopamine by COMT (2) REACT_15548
Enzymatic degradation of Dopamine by monoamine oxidase (1) REACT_15511
EPHB-mediated forward signaling (2) REACT_228085
ER-Phagosome pathway (18) REACT_111178
Estrogen biosynthesis (2) REACT_11037
Ethanol oxidation (2) REACT_34
Factors involved in megakaryocyte development and platelet production (1) REACT_24970
Fatty acids (3) REACT_13814
Fatty Acids bound to GPR40 (FFAR1) regulate insulin secretion (3) REACT_19193
Fatty acid, triacylglycerol, and ketone body metabolism (1) REACT_22279
Fatty Acyl-CoA Biosynthesis (4) REACT_1319
FCERI mediated NF-kB activation (1) REACT_163994
FMO oxidises nucleophiles (2) REACT_13653
Formation of the active cofactor, UDP-glucuronate (1) REACT_6737
formation of the beta-catenin:TCF transactivating complex (1) REACT_200753
Free fatty acid receptors (7) REACT_21268
GABA synthesis (1) REACT_24020
Galactose catabolism (2) REACT_532
G alpha (12/13) signalling events (1) REACT_18407
G alpha (i) signalling events (10) REACT_19231
G alpha (q) signalling events (12) REACT_18283
G alpha (s) signalling events (8) REACT_19327
G alpha (z) signalling events (1) REACT_19333
Glucocorticoid biosynthesis (4) REACT_11036
Gluconeogenesis (11) REACT_1520
Glucuronidation (1) REACT_6784
Glutamate Neurotransmitter Release Cycle (2) REACT_12591
Glutathione conjugation (1) REACT_6926
Glutathione synthesis and recycling (21) REACT_6960
Glycogen breakdown (glycogenolysis) (1) REACT_1008
Glycogen synthesis (1) REACT_169208
Glycolysis (5) REACT_1383
Glycosphingolipid metabolism (2) REACT_116105
Glyoxylate metabolism (5) REACT_16925
HDL-mediated lipid transport (1) REACT_13621
HDMs demethylate histones (2) REACT_228178
Hedgehog ligand biogenesis (1) REACT_228111
Heme biosynthesis (4) REACT_9465
Heme degradation (1) REACT_22297
Highly calcium permeable nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (1) REACT_22352
Highly calcium permeable postsynaptic nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (1) REACT_22303
Highly sodium permeable acetylcholine nicotinic receptors (1) REACT_22223
Histidine catabolism (4) REACT_1249
Hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL)-mediated triacylglycerol hydrolysis (1) REACT_494
HS-GAG biosynthesis (1) REACT_121248
HS-GAG degradation (1) REACT_120752
Hydrolysis of LPC (1) REACT_120977
Hydroxycarboxylic acid-binding receptors (1) REACT_163785
Hypusine synthesis from eIF5A-lysine (2) REACT_12469
Import of palmitoyl-CoA into the mitochondrial matrix (1) REACT_11082
Inactivation, recovery and regulation of the phototransduction cascade (1) REACT_163919
Interconversion of 2-oxoglutarate and 2-hydroxyglutarate (2) REACT_25367
Interconversion of polyamines (3) REACT_14805
Iron uptake and transport (1) REACT_25060
ISG15 antiviral mechanism (1) REACT_115831
Keratan sulfate biosynthesis (2) REACT_121120
LDL-mediated lipid transport (1) REACT_6934
Leukotriene receptors (1) REACT_18302
Ligand-gated ion channel transport (2) REACT_25387
Linoleic acid (LA) metabolism (3) REACT_121100
Lysine catabolism (5) REACT_1298
Meiotic recombination (1) REACT_27271
Metabolism of folate and pterines (3) REACT_11167
Metabolism of nucleotides (1) REACT_1698
Metabolism of polyamines (4) REACT_14820
Metabolism of serotonin (4) REACT_15532
Methionine salvage pathway (2) REACT_75881
Methylation (4) REACT_6946
Mineralocorticoid biosynthesis (5) REACT_11047
Miscellaneous substrates (3) REACT_13425
Mismatch repair (MMR) directed by MSH2:MSH3 (MutSbeta) (1) REACT_228019
Mismatch repair (MMR) directed by MSH2:MSH6 (MutSalpha) (1) REACT_228145
mitochondrial fatty acid beta-oxidation of unsaturated fatty acids (2) REACT_160
Mitochondrial iron-sulfur cluster biogenesis (1) REACT_150353
Mitochondrial tRNA aminoacylation (19) REACT_15302
Molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis (3) REACT_25073
mRNA Capping (2) REACT_1470
mRNA decay by 3' to 5' exoribonuclease (4) REACT_20619
mRNA decay by 5' to 3' exoribonuclease (4) REACT_20518
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (1) REACT_16943
Na+/Cl- dependent neurotransmitter transporters (19) REACT_20506
NADPH regeneration (1) REACT_16904
Neurotransmitter Clearance In The Synaptic Cleft (2) REACT_13583
Nicotinamide salvaging (4) REACT_11213
Nicotinate metabolism (5) REACT_11088
Nitric oxide stimulates guanylate cyclase (2) REACT_23862
NoRC negatively regulates rRNA expression (1) REACT_200856
Norepinephrine Neurotransmitter Release Cycle (1) REACT_15418
NOSIP mediated eNOS trafficking (1) REACT_12510
NOSTRIN mediated eNOS trafficking (1) REACT_12541
Organic anion transport (2) REACT_22310
Organic anion transporters (3) REACT_19372
Organic cation transport (7) REACT_22357
Orphan transporters (11) REACT_267716
Oxidative Stress Induced Senescence (3) REACT_169436
Oxygen-dependent asparagine hydroxylation of Hypoxia-inducible Factor Alpha (2) REACT_121226
Oxygen-dependent proline hydroxylation of Hypoxia-inducible Factor Alpha (2) REACT_120916
PAOs oxidise polyamines to amines (3) REACT_505
PDE3B signalling (1) REACT_1451
Phagosomal maturation (early endosomal stage) (4) REACT_121256
Phenylalanine and tyrosine catabolism (8) REACT_1786
Phosphate bond hydrolysis by NUDT proteins (2) REACT_150237
phospho-PLA2 pathway (1) REACT_15466
Plasmalogen biosynthesis (2) REACT_1407
Platelet degranulation (1) REACT_318
Platelet sensitization by LDL (1) REACT_23879
PPARA activates gene expression (5) REACT_116145
PRC2 methylates histones and DNA (1) REACT_200808
Pregnenolone biosynthesis (2) REACT_11038
Pre-NOTCH Processing in Golgi (1) REACT_118798
Presynaptic function of Kainate receptors (1) REACT_21254
Proline catabolism (4) REACT_1002
Prostanoid ligand receptors (1) REACT_18425
Proton-coupled monocarboxylate transport (2) REACT_20515
Proton-coupled neutral amino acid transporters (3) REACT_19348
Proton/oligonucleotide cotransporters (18) REACT_19328
Purine catabolism (13) REACT_2086
Purine ribonucleoside monophosphate biosynthesis (8) REACT_1776
Purine salvage (9) REACT_1923
Pyrimidine biosynthesis (8) REACT_21376
Pyrimidine catabolism (14) REACT_1023
Pyrimidine salvage reactions (10) REACT_655
Pyruvate metabolism (3) REACT_2071
Ras activation uopn Ca2+ infux through NMDA receptor (2) REACT_20546
Recycling of bile acids and salts (9) REACT_11042
Regulation by TREX1 (1) REACT_163652
Regulation of AMPK activity via LKB1 (1) REACT_21285
Regulation of cholesterol biosynthesis by SREBP (SREBF) (1) REACT_147797
Regulation of HSF1-mediated heat shock response (2) REACT_200780
Regulation of lipid metabolism by Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARalpha) (3) REACT_19241
Regulation of pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) complex (3) REACT_12528
Regulation of Rheb GTPase activity by AMPK (1) REACT_21393
Removal of the Flap Intermediate (4) REACT_70
Removal of the Flap Intermediate from the C-strand (4) REACT_7999
Respiratory electron transport (3) REACT_22393
Retinoid cycle disease events (2) REACT_160130
Retinoid metabolism and transport (4) REACT_24968
REV-ERBA represses gene expression (3) REACT_118789
RMTs methylate histone arginines (1) REACT_228108
Role of phospholipids in phagocytosis (2) REACT_160158
RORA activates circadian gene expression (3) REACT_118659
Scavenging by Class A Receptors (3) REACT_163699
Scavenging by Class B Receptors (1) REACT_163679
Scavenging by Class F Receptors (1) REACT_163813
Scavenging by Class H Receptors (1) REACT_164002
Scavenging of heme from plasma (1) REACT_160163
Senescence-Associated Secretory Phenotype (SASP) (1) REACT_169168
Serine biosynthesis (6) REACT_115789
Serotonin and melatonin biosynthesis (6) REACT_15439
Serotonin clearance from the synaptic cleft (1) REACT_15391
Serotonin Neurotransmitter Release Cycle (1) REACT_15425
Serotonin receptors (1) REACT_17064
Sialic acid metabolism (2) REACT_200874
SIRT1 negatively regulates rRNA Expression (3) REACT_200827
Sodium-coupled sulphate, di- and tri-carboxylate transporters (2) REACT_20646
Sperm Motility And Taxes (1) REACT_163875
Sphingolipid de novo biosynthesis (3) REACT_115810
Stimuli-sensing channels (2) REACT_160189
Sulfide oxidation to sulfate (3) REACT_116010
Sulfur amino acid metabolism (7) REACT_115639
SUMO is conjugated to E1 (UBA2:SAE1) (1) REACT_163812
Synthesis and interconversion of nucleotide di- and triphosphates (11) REACT_21330
Synthesis of 12-eicosatetraenoic acid derivatives (2) REACT_150201
Synthesis of 15-eicosatetraenoic acid derivatives (3) REACT_150422
Synthesis of (16-20)-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids (HETE) (1) REACT_150134
Synthesis of 5-eicosatetraenoic acids (2) REACT_150209
Synthesis of bile acids and bile salts (4) REACT_11054
Synthesis of bile acids and bile salts via 24-hydroxycholesterol (3) REACT_11053
Synthesis of bile acids and bile salts via 27-hydroxycholesterol (4) REACT_11048
Synthesis of bile acids and bile salts via 7alpha-hydroxycholesterol (12) REACT_11041
Synthesis of CL (1) REACT_120920
Synthesis of epoxy (EET) and dihydroxyeicosatrienoic acids (DHET) (1) REACT_150417
Synthesis of Hepoxilins (HX) and Trioxilins (TrX) (1) REACT_150292
Synthesis of IP2, IP, and Ins in the cytosol (2) REACT_150352
Synthesis of Ketone Bodies (3) REACT_1464
Synthesis of Leukotrienes (LT) and Eoxins (EX) (5) REACT_150420
Synthesis of Lipoxins (LX) (1) REACT_150320
Synthesis of PA (2) REACT_120906
Synthesis of PC (4) REACT_121238
Synthesis of PE (2) REACT_120919
Synthesis of PG (2) REACT_121280
Synthesis of PI (1) REACT_121000
Synthesis of Prostaglandins (PG) and Thromboxanes (TX) (6) REACT_150149
Synthesis of PS (2) REACT_120823
Synthesis of UDP-N-acetyl-glucosamine (2) REACT_22394
Synthesis of very long-chain fatty acyl-CoAs (3) REACT_380
Synthesis, secretion, and deacylation of Ghrelin (2) REACT_19189
Synthesis, secretion, and inactivation of Glucagon-like Peptide-1 (GLP-1) (8) REACT_24019
Synthesis, secretion, and inactivation of Glucose-dependent Insulinotropic Polypeptide (GIP) (3) REACT_23824
Termination of O-glycan biosynthesis (1) REACT_115835
TET1,2,3 and TDG demethylate DNA (2) REACT_200682
Tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) synthesis, recycling, salvage and regulation (2) REACT_111176
The activation of arylsulfatases (1) REACT_121036
The canonical retinoid cycle in rods (twilight vision) (4) REACT_160156
The retinoid cycle in cones (daylight vision) (1) REACT_160083
Thyroxine biosynthesis (2) REACT_15292
Tolerance by Mtb to nitric oxide produced by macrophages (1) REACT_120983
Trafficking of dietary sterols (1) REACT_13781
Transcriptional activation of mitochondrial biogenesis (3) REACT_200608
Transcriptional regulation of white adipocyte differentiation (3) REACT_27161
Translocation of GLUT4 to the plasma membrane (1) REACT_147867
Transport and synthesis of PAPS (1) REACT_6840
Transport of fatty acids (8) REACT_23892
Transport of glucose and other sugars, bile salts and organic acids, metal ions and amine compounds (2) REACT_19305
Transport of inorganic cations/anions and amino acids/oligopeptides (3) REACT_19397
Transport of nucleosides and free purine and pyrimidine bases across the plasma membrane (11) REACT_1206
Transport of nucleotide sugars (3) REACT_22151
Transport of organic anions (5) REACT_23988
Transport of vitamins, nucleosides, and related molecules (1) REACT_22285
Triglyceride Biosynthesis (1) REACT_1190
Tryptophan catabolism (11) REACT_916
Ubiquinol biosynthesis (3) REACT_160111
Unblocking of NMDA receptor, glutamate binding and activation (2) REACT_20594
Urea cycle (7) REACT_847
Utilization of Ketone Bodies (4) REACT_59
VEGFA-VEGFR2 Pathway (1) REACT_228166
VEGFR2 mediated vascular permeability (3) REACT_228016
Vitamin B1 (thiamin) metabolism (1) REACT_11117
Vitamin B2 (riboflavin) metabolism (2) REACT_11070
Vitamin C (ascorbate) metabolism (3) REACT_11202
Vitamin D (calciferol) metabolism (1) REACT_13523
Vitamins (2) REACT_13450
Vitamins B6 activation to pyridoxal phosphate (3) REACT_25012
Xenobiotics (1) REACT_13543
YAP1- and WWTR1 (TAZ)-stimulated gene expression (3) REACT_118713
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