ST002094 Commensal intestinal microbiota regulates host luminal proteolytic activity and intestinal barrier integrity through β-glucuronidase activity (Part 1)
List of human metabolic pathways and metabolites (REACTOME)

Pathway name (# of metabolites detected in study)Reactome pathway
Abacavir metabolism (2) REACT_121388
Abacavir transmembrane transport (1) REACT_120801
ABH2 mediated Reversal of Alkylation Damage (1) REACT_526
ABH3 mediated Reversal of Alkylation Damage (1) REACT_1662
Abnormal conversion of 2-oxoglutarate to 2-hydroxyglutarate (1) REACT_160183
Abnormal metabolism in phenylketonuria (2) REACT_121117
Acetylation (4) REACT_6732
Acetylcholine Neurotransmitter Release Cycle (2) REACT_15309
Acetylcholine regulates insulin secretion (1) REACT_18405
Activation of gene expression by SREBF (SREBP) (1) REACT_147904
Acyl chain remodeling of DAG and TAG (1) REACT_121122
Adrenaline,noradrenaline inhibits insulin secretion (1) REACT_18339
Adrenaline signalling through Alpha-2 adrenergic receptor (1) REACT_19180
Adrenoceptors (1) REACT_16927
Aflatoxin activation and detoxification (1) REACT_228214
Agmatine biosynthesis (2) REACT_14800
Alpha-oxidation of phytanate (2) REACT_17003
Amino acid synthesis and interconversion (transamination) (4) REACT_238
Amino acid transport across the plasma membrane (11) REACT_13796
Antigen Presentation: Folding, assembly and peptide loading of class I MHC (8) REACT_75795
Antigen processing: Ubiquitination & Proteasome degradation (8) REACT_75842
Arachidonate production from DAG (1) REACT_19308
Aromatic amines can be N-hydroxylated or N-dealkylated by CYP1A2 (1) REACT_13721
Astrocytic Glutamate-Glutamine Uptake And Metabolism (1) REACT_13639
Beta-oxidation of pristanoyl-CoA (1) REACT_17017
Beta-oxidation of very long chain fatty acids (1) REACT_17062
Biogenic amines are oxidatively deaminated to aldehydes by MAOA and MAOB (1) REACT_416
Biotin transport and metabolism (2) REACT_11153
BMAL1:CLOCK,NPAS2 activates circadian gene expression (1) REACT_111118
Carnitine synthesis (2) REACT_2125
Catecholamine biosynthesis (3) REACT_15551
Cholesterol biosynthesis (1) REACT_9405
Circadian Clock (1) REACT_24941
Citric acid cycle (TCA cycle) (3) REACT_1785
Class A/1 (Rhodopsin-like receptors) (1) REACT_14828
Class C/3 (Metabotropic glutamate/pheromone receptors) (10) REACT_18319
Class II GLUTs (1) REACT_19281
Cleavage of the damaged purine (1) REACT_1729
Cleavage of the damaged pyrimidine (1) REACT_2156
Cobalamin (Cbl, vitamin B12) transport and metabolism (1) REACT_163862
Collagen biosynthesis and modifying enzymes (1) REACT_121139
Condensation of Prophase Chromosomes (1) REACT_172744
Conjugation of benzoate with glycine (1) REACT_6933
Conjugation of phenylacetate with glutamine (3) REACT_6800
Conjugation of salicylate with glycine (1) REACT_6812
COX reactions (1) REACT_1396
Creatine metabolism (1) REACT_813
Cross-presentation of soluble exogenous antigens (endosomes) (8) REACT_111056
Cysteine formation from homocysteine (1) REACT_115589
Cytosolic sulfonation of small molecules (4) REACT_6913
Cytosolic tRNA aminoacylation (8) REACT_15306
Defective HLCS causes multiple carboxylase deficiency (1) REACT_169312
Degradation of cysteine and homocysteine (3) REACT_115654
Degradation of GABA (1) REACT_23964
Digestion of dietary carbohydrate (1) REACT_9472
Digestion of dietary lipid (1) REACT_9518
DNA replication initiation (1) REACT_2244
Dopamine clearance from the synaptic cleft (1) REACT_15514
Dopamine Neurotransmitter Release Cycle (1) REACT_15293
Dopamine receptors (1) REACT_16968
Eicosanoids (1) REACT_13645
Endosomal/Vacuolar pathway (8) REACT_111168
Enzymatic degradation of dopamine by COMT (1) REACT_15548
Enzymatic degradation of Dopamine by monoamine oxidase (1) REACT_15511
ER-Phagosome pathway (8) REACT_111178
Ethanol oxidation (1) REACT_34
Fatty Acyl-CoA Biosynthesis (1) REACT_1319
Free fatty acid receptors (2) REACT_21268
G alpha (12/13) signalling events (1) REACT_18407
G alpha (i) signalling events (14) REACT_19231
G alpha (q) signalling events (8) REACT_18283
G alpha (s) signalling events (4) REACT_19327
G alpha (z) signalling events (1) REACT_19333
Gluconeogenesis (2) REACT_1520
Glucuronidation (2) REACT_6784
Glutamate Neurotransmitter Release Cycle (1) REACT_12591
Glutathione conjugation (1) REACT_6926
Glutathione synthesis and recycling (8) REACT_6960
Glyoxylate metabolism (2) REACT_16925
HDMs demethylate histones (1) REACT_228178
Heme biosynthesis (2) REACT_9465
Heme degradation (1) REACT_22297
Highly calcium permeable nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (1) REACT_22352
Highly calcium permeable postsynaptic nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (1) REACT_22303
Highly sodium permeable acetylcholine nicotinic receptors (1) REACT_22223
Histamine receptors (1) REACT_16903
Histidine catabolism (2) REACT_1249
Hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL)-mediated triacylglycerol hydrolysis (1) REACT_494
HS-GAG biosynthesis (1) REACT_121248
Hydrolysis of LPC (1) REACT_120977
Hydrolysis of LPE (1) REACT_120785
Hydroxycarboxylic acid-binding receptors (1) REACT_163785
Hypusine synthesis from eIF5A-lysine (1) REACT_12469
Inactivation, recovery and regulation of the phototransduction cascade (1) REACT_163919
Interconversion of 2-oxoglutarate and 2-hydroxyglutarate (1) REACT_25367
Interconversion of polyamines (3) REACT_14805
Iron uptake and transport (1) REACT_25060
Keratan sulfate biosynthesis (1) REACT_121120
Leukotriene receptors (1) REACT_18302
Ligand-gated ion channel transport (1) REACT_25387
Lysine catabolism (3) REACT_1298
Lysosphingolipid and LPA receptors (1) REACT_18365
Metabolism of Angiotensinogen to Angiotensins (1) REACT_147707
Metabolism of folate and pterines (1) REACT_11167
Metabolism of nucleotides (1) REACT_1698
Metabolism of polyamines (3) REACT_14820
Metabolism of serotonin (1) REACT_15532
Methionine salvage pathway (2) REACT_75881
Methylation (4) REACT_6946
Minus-strand DNA synthesis (1) REACT_9055
Mismatch repair (MMR) directed by MSH2:MSH3 (MutSbeta) (1) REACT_228019
Mismatch repair (MMR) directed by MSH2:MSH6 (MutSalpha) (1) REACT_228145
Mitochondrial iron-sulfur cluster biogenesis (1) REACT_150353
Mitochondrial tRNA aminoacylation (8) REACT_15302
Molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis (2) REACT_25073
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (1) REACT_16943
Na+/Cl- dependent neurotransmitter transporters (14) REACT_20506
Neurotransmitter Clearance In The Synaptic Cleft (2) REACT_13583
Nicotinamide salvaging (1) REACT_11213
Nicotinate metabolism (1) REACT_11088
NoRC negatively regulates rRNA expression (1) REACT_200856
Norepinephrine Neurotransmitter Release Cycle (1) REACT_15418
Organic anion transport (4) REACT_22310
Organic anion transporters (3) REACT_19372
Organic cation transport (8) REACT_22357
Orphan transporters (1) REACT_267716
Oxidative Stress Induced Senescence (1) REACT_169436
Oxygen-dependent asparagine hydroxylation of Hypoxia-inducible Factor Alpha (1) REACT_121226
Oxygen-dependent proline hydroxylation of Hypoxia-inducible Factor Alpha (1) REACT_120916
PAOs oxidise polyamines to amines (3) REACT_505
Passive transport by Aquaporins (1) REACT_23826
Phenylalanine and tyrosine catabolism (2) REACT_1786
Phosphate bond hydrolysis by NUDT proteins (1) REACT_150237
Platelet degranulation (1) REACT_318
PPARA activates gene expression (2) REACT_116145
Pre-NOTCH Processing in Golgi (1) REACT_118798
Processive synthesis on the C-strand of the telomere (1) REACT_8027
Proton-coupled monocarboxylate transport (2) REACT_20515
Proton-coupled neutral amino acid transporters (1) REACT_19348
Proton/oligonucleotide cotransporters (8) REACT_19328
Purine catabolism (5) REACT_2086
Purine ribonucleoside monophosphate biosynthesis (1) REACT_1776
Purine salvage (5) REACT_1923
Pyrimidine biosynthesis (2) REACT_21376
Pyrimidine catabolism (6) REACT_1023
Pyrimidine salvage reactions (4) REACT_655
Pyruvate metabolism (1) REACT_2071
Recycling of bile acids and salts (1) REACT_11042
Regulation by TREX1 (1) REACT_163652
Regulation of lipid metabolism by Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARalpha) (1) REACT_19241
Reuptake of GABA (1) REACT_23910
REV-ERBA represses gene expression (1) REACT_118789
Role of phospholipids in phagocytosis (1) REACT_160158
RORA activates circadian gene expression (1) REACT_118659
Serine biosynthesis (2) REACT_115789
Serotonin and melatonin biosynthesis (3) REACT_15439
Serotonin clearance from the synaptic cleft (1) REACT_15391
Serotonin Neurotransmitter Release Cycle (1) REACT_15425
Serotonin receptors (1) REACT_17064
Sialic acid metabolism (1) REACT_200874
Signaling by constitutively active EGFR (1) REACT_115852
Sodium-coupled sulphate, di- and tri-carboxylate transporters (1) REACT_20646
Sphingolipid de novo biosynthesis (3) REACT_115810
Stimuli-sensing channels (1) REACT_160189
Sulfide oxidation to sulfate (1) REACT_116010
Sulfur amino acid metabolism (2) REACT_115639
Synthesis and interconversion of nucleotide di- and triphosphates (3) REACT_21330
Synthesis of (16-20)-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids (HETE) (1) REACT_150134
Synthesis of bile acids and bile salts via 7alpha-hydroxycholesterol (1) REACT_11041
Synthesis of Dolichyl-phosphate (1) REACT_22230
Synthesis of glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) (1) REACT_952
Synthesis of Ketone Bodies (1) REACT_1464
Synthesis of Leukotrienes (LT) and Eoxins (EX) (1) REACT_150420
Synthesis of PA (1) REACT_120906
Synthesis of PC (2) REACT_121238
Synthesis of PE (1) REACT_120919
Synthesis of PG (2) REACT_121280
Synthesis of Prostaglandins (PG) and Thromboxanes (TX) (4) REACT_150149
Synthesis of PS (3) REACT_120823
Synthesis of UDP-N-acetyl-glucosamine (1) REACT_22394
Synthesis, secretion, and inactivation of Glucagon-like Peptide-1 (GLP-1) (3) REACT_24019
Synthesis, secretion, and inactivation of Glucose-dependent Insulinotropic Polypeptide (GIP) (1) REACT_23824
Telomere C-strand synthesis initiation (1) REACT_7993
Telomere Extension By Telomerase (1) REACT_7974
Termination of O-glycan biosynthesis (1) REACT_115835
TET1,2,3 and TDG demethylate DNA (1) REACT_200682
Thyroxine biosynthesis (1) REACT_15292
Transcriptional activation of mitochondrial biogenesis (1) REACT_200608
Transcriptional regulation of white adipocyte differentiation (2) REACT_27161
Transport of glucose and other sugars, bile salts and organic acids, metal ions and amine compounds (2) REACT_19305
Transport of glycerol from adipocytes to the liver by Aquaporins (1) REACT_23809
Transport of inorganic cations/anions and amino acids/oligopeptides (1) REACT_19397
Transport of nucleosides and free purine and pyrimidine bases across the plasma membrane (9) REACT_1206
Transport of nucleotide sugars (1) REACT_22151
Transport of organic anions (1) REACT_23988
Transport of vitamins, nucleosides, and related molecules (1) REACT_22285
Triglyceride Biosynthesis (1) REACT_1190
Tryptophan catabolism (5) REACT_916
Urea cycle (1) REACT_847
Utilization of Ketone Bodies (2) REACT_59
VEGFR2 mediated cell proliferation (1) REACT_228024
Vitamin B1 (thiamin) metabolism (1) REACT_11117
Vitamin B2 (riboflavin) metabolism (1) REACT_11070
Vitamins B6 activation to pyridoxal phosphate (2) REACT_25012
Xenobiotics (5) REACT_13543
YAP1- and WWTR1 (TAZ)-stimulated gene expression (1) REACT_118713
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