Summary of Study ST002933

This data is available at the NIH Common Fund's National Metabolomics Data Repository (NMDR) website, the Metabolomics Workbench, https://www.metabolomicsworkbench.org, where it has been assigned Project ID PR001824. The data can be accessed directly via it's Project DOI: 10.21228/M8Z132 This work is supported by NIH grant, U2C- DK119886.

See: https://www.metabolomicsworkbench.org/about/howtocite.php

This study contains a large results data set and is not available in the mwTab file. It is only available for download via FTP as data file(s) here.

Study ID	ST002933
Study Title	Coral endosymbiont growth is enhanced by metabolic interactions with bacteria
Study Summary	Bacteria are key contributors to microalgae resource acquisition, competitive performance, and functional diversity, but their potential metabolic interactions with coral microalgal endosymbionts (Symbiodiniaceae) have been largely overlooked. Here, we show that altering the bacterial composition of two widespread Symbiodiniaceae species, during their free-living stage, results in a significant shift in their cellular metabolism. Indeed, the abundance of monosaccharides and the key phytohormone indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) were correlated with the presence of specific bacteria, including members of the Labrenzia (Roseibium) and Marinobacter genera. Single-cell stable isotope tracking revealed that these two bacterial genera are involved in reciprocal exchanges of carbon and nitrogen with Symbiodiniaceae. We identified the provision of IAA by Labrenzia and Marinobacter, and this metabolite caused a significant growth enhancement of Symbiodiniaceae. By unravelling these interkingdom interactions, our work demonstrates how specific bacterial associates fundamentally govern Symbiodiniaceae fitness.
Institute	University of Technology Sydney
Last Name	Matthews
First Name	Jennifer
Address	15 Broadway, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia
Email	jennifer.matthews@uts.edu.au
Phone	0432404274
Submit Date	2023-10-14
Raw Data Available	Yes
Raw Data File Type(s)	qgd
Analysis Type Detail	GC-MS
Release Date	2023-11-10
Release Version	1

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Treatment:

Treatment ID:	TR003055
Treatment Summary:	Symbiodiniaceae cultures Two Symbiodiniaceae cultures were targeted from existing stocks at the University of Technology Sydney, Symbiodinium microadriaticum (ITS2: A1, culture ID: RT61), and Breviolum minutum (ITS2: B1, culture ID: RT2, CCMP2463) as preliminary trials allowed these cultures to be maintained for extended periods in an extracellular bacteria-free state. Each Symbiodiniaceae species was sub-cultured (n = 10 per Symbiodiniaceae species) by adding 10 mL of original cultures in 90 mL of autoclaved and filter sterilised (0.22 µm) artificial seawater (ASW) and F/2 media. Cultures were grown for one month (to achieve a minimum cell density of 106 cells/mL) at 26˚C with an irradiance of 85 ± 15 µmol photons m-2 s-1 (Philips TLD 18W/54 fluorescent tubes, 10 000 K on a 12h:12h light:dark cycle). Before use, cells were centrifuged at 700 × g for 10 mins at 26˚C and rinsed twice with ASW to remove residual media solution. Cells were resuspended in 100 mL ASW + F/2 media in sterile culture flasks. Untreated cultures Untreated Symbiodiniaceae cultures (n = 5) were maintained as above alongside the Ab+Tx treatments (below). Antibiotic treatment (AbTx) Each antibiotic treatment subculture (n = 5 per Symbiodiniaceae species) was provided with TritonX-100 detergent added to a final concentration of 20 µg/mL and placed on a shaker at mid speed for 30 s. All cultures (Ab+Tx treatment and untreated) were immediately centrifuged at 700 × g for 10 mins at 26˚C, and the supernatant discarded. Cells were rinsed in 20 mL ASW and centrifuged at 700 x g for 10 mins at 26˚C. Cells were transferred to sterile culture flasks and resuspended in 9 ml ASW+F/2. An aliquot of 1 mL custom antibiotic mix (Penicillin at 31.25 µg mL-1, Streptomycin and Kanamycin at 50 µg mL-1, and Neomycin, Ciprofloxacin and Ampicillin all at 100 µg mL-1; Ab+Tx) was added to each antibiotic treatment flask (and 1 mL ASW added to each untreated flask), and flasks were replaced in the incubator. After 48 hours, 90 mL ASW + F/2 was added to all cultures. Cultures were allowed to recover for 5 days prior to metabolism quenching.

Treatment ID:

TR003055

Treatment Summary:

Symbiodiniaceae cultures Two Symbiodiniaceae cultures were targeted from existing stocks at the University of Technology Sydney, Symbiodinium microadriaticum (ITS2: A1, culture ID: RT61), and Breviolum minutum (ITS2: B1, culture ID: RT2, CCMP2463) as preliminary trials allowed these cultures to be maintained for extended periods in an extracellular bacteria-free state. Each Symbiodiniaceae species was sub-cultured (n = 10 per Symbiodiniaceae species) by adding 10 mL of original cultures in 90 mL of autoclaved and filter sterilised (0.22 µm) artificial seawater (ASW) and F/2 media. Cultures were grown for one month (to achieve a minimum cell density of 106 cells/mL) at 26˚C with an irradiance of 85 ± 15 µmol photons m-2 s-1 (Philips TLD 18W/54 fluorescent tubes, 10 000 K on a 12h:12h light:dark cycle). Before use, cells were centrifuged at 700 × g for 10 mins at 26˚C and rinsed twice with ASW to remove residual media solution. Cells were resuspended in 100 mL ASW + F/2 media in sterile culture flasks. Untreated cultures Untreated Symbiodiniaceae cultures (n = 5) were maintained as above alongside the Ab+Tx treatments (below). Antibiotic treatment (AbTx) Each antibiotic treatment subculture (n = 5 per Symbiodiniaceae species) was provided with TritonX-100 detergent added to a final concentration of 20 µg/mL and placed on a shaker at mid speed for 30 s. All cultures (Ab+Tx treatment and untreated) were immediately centrifuged at 700 × g for 10 mins at 26˚C, and the supernatant discarded. Cells were rinsed in 20 mL ASW and centrifuged at 700 x g for 10 mins at 26˚C. Cells were transferred to sterile culture flasks and resuspended in 9 ml ASW+F/2. An aliquot of 1 mL custom antibiotic mix (Penicillin at 31.25 µg mL-1, Streptomycin and Kanamycin at 50 µg mL-1, and Neomycin, Ciprofloxacin and Ampicillin all at 100 µg mL-1; Ab+Tx) was added to each antibiotic treatment flask (and 1 mL ASW added to each untreated flask), and flasks were replaced in the incubator. After 48 hours, 90 mL ASW + F/2 was added to all cultures. Cultures were allowed to recover for 5 days prior to metabolism quenching.